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 Atomic No. Order:
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 Alphabetic Order:
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Periodic Table

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  2, 8, 18,  

  4  

 

 

C
6 		Si
14 		Ge
32 		Sn
50 		Pb
82 		Uuq
114 		Uhq
164 		Buq
214

Germanium

Symbol Ge
Atomic Number 32
Relative Atomic Mass
12C = 12.0000 		72.64  (±1) [Since 1999]
Atomic Radius
pm 		123
First Ionisation Energy
kJ mol -1 		762.1
Ionisation Energy (eV)  7.8994
Electronegativity 2.01
Density
kg m -3 		5323 [293 K]
5490 [m.p.]
Molar Volume
cm 3 		13.64
Thermal Conductivity
W m -1 K -1 		59.9 [300 K]
Melting Point
K 		1210.6
Boiling Point
K 		3103
Number of Isotopes 24
Isotope Atomic mass/u Mole fraction

70Ge 69.924 2500(19) 0.2038(18)
72Ge 71.922 0763(16) 0.2731(26)
73Ge 72.923 4595(16) 0.0776(8)
74Ge 73.921 1784(16) 0.3672(15)
76Ge 75.921 4029(16) 0.0783(7)

Inner + outer Shells
  3   +   1    = 4
Inner + outer Orbitals
  28   +   4    = 32
Filling Orbital
  4p 2   
Ground State Electron
Configuration
[Ar]  3d 10    4s 2    4p 2       
Ground State Electron
Configuration with
free Orbitals (n=4)

 

  0, 0, 0, 4  

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Ground State Electron
Configuration with
compressed Orbitals (n=24)

 

  0, 0, 0, 24  

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Singularity
60 =  28 + 4 + 4 + 24
 
  s p d  f g h i j
1 2              
2 2 6            
3 2 6 10          
4 2 2 4 10

14

       
5                
6                
7                
  
Term Symbol 3P 0
Discovery It was discovered and isolated by the German chemist, Clemens-Alexander Winkler (Freiberg, Germany)  in 1886 in the mineral argyrodite.
 
Name Derived From Latin Germania meaning 'Germany'
 

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APSIDIUM  ©   Created:     

2002-06-01

 

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