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Tungsten
| Symbol |
W (Wolfram) |
| Atomic Number |
74 |
Relative Atomic Mass
12C = 12.0000 |
183.84 |
| Atomic Radius pm |
137 |
First Ionisation Energy
kJ mol -1 |
770 |
| Electronegativity |
2.36 |
Density
kg m -3 |
19300 [293 K]
17700 [l., m.p.] |
| Molar Volume cm 3 |
9.53 |
Thermal Conductivity
W m -1 K -1 |
174 [300 K] |
| Melting Point K |
3680 ± 20 |
| Boiling Point K |
5930 |
| Number of Isotopes |
29 |
| Inner/outer Shells |
|
| Inner/outer Orbitals |
|
| Filling Orbital |
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Ground State Electron
Configuration |
|
Ground State Electron
Configuration with
free Orbitals (n=12)
|
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Ground State Electron Configuration with
compressed Orbitals (n=96)
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| Singularity |
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s
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p
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d
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f
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g
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h
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i
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j
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1
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2
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2
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2
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6
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3
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2
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6
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10
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4
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2
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6
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10
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14
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5
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2
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6
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4
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6
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14
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18
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6
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2
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6
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10
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14
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18
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22
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7
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8
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| Term Symbol |
5 D 0 |
| Discovery |
Discovered
by the Spanish chemists and mineralogists Juan José and Fausto
Elhuyar (Vergara, Spain) in 1783. Earlier (1781) the Swedish
chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele had discovered tungstic acid in
a mineral now known as scheelite, and his countryman Torbern
Bergman had concluded that a new metal could be prepared from
the acid. |
| Name Derived From |
Swedish tung sten meaning 'heavy
stone'
The names tungsten and wolfram
have been used for the metal since its discovery, though everywhere
Jön Jacob Berzelius' symbol [ W] prevails.
In British and American usage tungsten
is preferred; in Germany and a number of other European countries
wolfram is accepted.
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